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Insulin resistance (IR) is the main cause of
type 2 diabetes mellitus and one of the most
common underlying factors of metabolic
syndrome. C-peptide is suggested as a better
indicator of endogenous insulin secretion than
insulin itself. The objective of this study was to
determine the best parameter among fasting
blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin
(FSI), fasting serum C-peptide (FSC), and IR
to assess diabetes mellitus.
The study was carried out in diabetic (n=30)
and non-diabetic (n=30) adults aged 35-55
years. Subjects were enrolled from a clinic
attached to University of Sri
Jayewardenepura. Venous blood sample (1.5
mL) was obtained after 10 hours overnight
fast and FBG, FSI and FSC levels were
analyzed using standard kits. IR was
calculated using following equation.
HOMA-IR = FSI GiU/mL) x ' FBG
(mmoL/L)/22.5.
Results were analyzed using SPSS version
21.
Diabetic subjects showed significantly higher
mean FBG (145.47±71.29 mg/dL) (p=0.001),
FSI (10.59±6.77pU/mL) (p=0.026), FSC
(2.56±1.63 ng/mL) (p=0.001) and IR value
(3.6±2.6) (p<0.001) compared to non- diabetic
subjects (78.15±8.30 mg/dL,
5.82±2.65|iU/mL, 1.07±0.60 ng/mL and
1.12±0.53 respectively). So IR has showed the most significant difference between two
groups. FBG had a weak correlation with FSI
(r=0.277), a moderate correlation with FSC
(r=0.403), and a strong correlation with IR
(r=0.795). FSI showed strong correlations with
FSC (r=0.665) and IR (r=0.727) whereas FSC
had strong correlation with IR (r=0.665) at
0.01 significance level.
Even though all assessed parameters were
elevated in diabetic subjects, this study
finding suggests that IR is a better indicator to
assess diabetes mellitus than FBG, FSI and
FSC.
