Abstract:
In the literature of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior, it seems that
growing attention has been given to employee engagement which is an employee related
outcome contributing to organizational effectiveness. There is a conceptual confusion with
regard to the meaning of employee engagement, as there are several associated terms such as
job satisfaction, job involvement, work involvement, organizational commitment and
organizational citizenship behavior which have been used in the literature either
synonymously or non-synonymously in addition to the labels of engagement. This paper
seeks to provide a comprehensive conceptualization of employee engagement so as to
develop an appropriate working definition for research purpose. Also an attempt was made to
decide whether employee engagement is an attitude or a behavior, and to explore its
dimensions and elements for the purpose of developing an instrument to measure the
variables of employee engagement.
